Traditional cosmetic packaging mostly uses plastics, which creates massive plastic pollution, harms marine life and disrupts ecosystems.
According to the United Nations, over 8 million tons of plastic end up in the oceans every year.
And the cosmetic industry is also a significant contributor to this ocean pollution since billions of units being thrown away annually, most of which are single use and non-biodegradable.
So, it’s time to rethink how we should pack our products while taking care of the planet.
Introduction
Is there any way to keep our beauty products stylish, sustainable and cost-effective?
Yes, you heard right about sustainable packaging. Let’s know about it.
What is Sustainable Cosmetic Packaging?
Sustainable cosmetic packaging is an easy and effective solution to combat against environmental problems. In simple terms, it is all about using packaging materials that are good for the people and planet.
These materials can be biodegradable, compostable, recyclable or made from plant-based materials.
For example, instead of using petroleum-based plastic, we can use packaging material that is made from plant-based materials, which break down naturally over time without leaving toxic residue in the environment.
This way, we can pack our beauty products without harming the mother earth.
Top 9 Sustainable Packaging Materials for Cosmetic Products
1. Bio-plastics (PLA & Seaweed Plastic)
PLA Plastic (Polylactic Acid)
Polylactic Acid (PLA) is made from plant-based material, like cornstarch or sugarcane.
Unlike petroleum-based plastic, which is derived from crude oil or fossil fuel, PLA plastic is made from plant-based resources, making it more safer and sustainable packaging material.
Today, cornstarch plastic is most widely used in the cosmetic industry for packaging beauty products in the form of skincare bottles, jars and tubes.
Key Features
Ecofriendly: Upon disposal, PLA plastic breaks down naturally into biomass, water and CO2 under optimum conditions of temperature and humidity. This means it will not create pollution in the environment.
Safe Material: Unlike traditional plastic, PLA plastic does not require toxic additives, like BPA and Phthalates in its manufacturing process.
PLA plastic is the best for eco-brands who are looking to reduce their carbon footprint while keeping their products safe and sustainable.
Seaweed Plastic
Seaweed plastic is basically made from marine plants or algae, which are available abundantly in the ocean without any human efforts. These are the fastest-growing species or plants on the earth.
It is fully home compostable and even more, certain seaweed plastics can dissolve in seawater naturally.
Key Features
Biodegradable: Seaweed plastic can decompose in the environment, even in the oceans, so there is no risk for ecosystems or marine creatures.
Safe Material: Unlike traditional plastic, seaweed plastic is free from toxic additives. Plus, seaweed is naturally rich in minerals, antioxidants and vitamins, which may be found in the resulting material, providing extra health benefits.
2. Composite Bio-Plastics (Wheat Straw & Rice Husk)
Wheat Straw Plastic
Wheat straw plastic is made by mixing natural polymer with agricultural waste, like wheat straw or sawdust.
Its natural look and feel add an additional earthy touch to the pack, which attracts eco-conscious consumers.
Usually in Asia after harvesting a wheat crop, leftover straws or agricultural waste are discarded or burnt by farmers for their convenience. So, rather than burning and creating air pollution, why not create valuable products from this waste material.
Key Features
Strength: Wheat straw plastic possesses enough strength and durability, which is comparable to petroleum-based plastic.
Low Carbon Footprint: The manufacturing process of wheat straw plastic uses less energy and resources as compared to traditional plastic, further reducing environmental impact.
Rice Husk Plastic
Rice husk plastic is another composite bioplastic material, which is made from the rice husk, a by-product of rice production.
Blending rice husk with natural polymer in proper proportion will create strong and sturdy packaging material that is biodegradable and compostable in nature.
Key Features
Natural Texture: Rice husk plastic’s natural earthy tone makes products more organic and helps products to stand out on the shelves while offering sustainability.
Lightweight & Strong: Even though it is light, rice husk plastic is tough and durable.
3. PCR Plastic (Post-Consumer Recycled Plastic)
PCR plastic is made from used plastic materials that have been thrown away or discarded by consumers.
By simply following a few steps, like collection, cleaning, shredding, melting and mixing with 30% virgin polymer, we can create recycled plastic that is comparable to virgin plastic in terms of mechanical and functional properties.
Other than the food and pharma industries, PCR plastic offers the best way to reduce the need for new plastic material, which helps to conserve fossil fuel and minimizes the negative environmental impact of plastic.
With PCR plastic packaging, it is possible to protect products, while offering functionality and sustainability.
Key Features
Recycled Material: PCR plastic is entirely made from plastic waste, meaning it is reducing the amount of plastic that ends up in landfills or the ocean.
Sustainable Material: PCR plastic emits low carbon as compared to virgin plastic, since it is not made from scratch.
4. Metals (Aluminium and Tin)
Aluminium and tin have been used since long in various industries as a packaging material due to their durability, barrier properties, aesthetic appeal and recyclability.
Aluminium
It is the most widely used packaging material due to its light weight, excellent barrier properties, and anti-corrosive nature.
In the cosmetic industry, it is used in the packaging of deodorant cans, hair colour tubes, cream jars and spray bottles.
Key Features
Recyclable: It is completely recyclable and can be recycled multiple times without losing its original quality.
Lower Carbon Emission: Processing and reprocessing of aluminium can be done with minimum energy, resulting in low carbon emission.
Tin
Tin is a reliable choice for cosmetic packaging, especially for lip balms, solid perfumes and deodorants. It is sturdy, safe and offers excellent printing, which helps to keep cosmetic products visually appealing.
Key Features
Non-Toxic and Safe: It is non-toxic. Even, it is used in the packaging of food and pharmaceutical products.
Vintage Appeal: It offers a nostalgic and vintage look for the product.
Recyclable: Like aluminium, tin is also recyclable, reducing the environmental impact when disposed of properly.
5. Glass (Recycled Glass)
Glass is my favourite material due to its strong barrier properties, non-reactive nature, durability and premium look.
Recycled Glass
Recycled glass is made from the discarded or already used glass materials, like bottles, jars, injectable vials, ampoules etc. Instead of producing new glass from sand, soda ash and limestone, we can recycle discarded glass material to create new ones.
We just need to follow some simple steps, like collection, cleaning, melting and forming.
Key Features
Recyclable: Glass can be recycled an indefinite number of times without losing its original quality.
High Barrier: Glass provides excellent barrier protection against the external factors, like moisture and gas.
Aesthetic Appeal: It provides a timeless look that many consumers associate with product quality.
Note: Glass increases the weight of the final product and is more prone to breakage during transportation, leading to product loss and market complaints.
6. Bamboo Packaging Material
Bamboo is a very popular packaging material for cosmetic products. It’s a faster growth rate without the need for pesticides and fertilizer, making it the best green material for packaging.
Additionally, bamboo has an inherent anti-bacterial property due to its bio-active compound called Bamboo Kun, which helps to increase the product’s shelf life.
Key Features
Renewable Resource: Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants on the Earth (3-5 years), making it a more sustainable packaging material.
Biodegradable: Upon disposal, bamboo decomposes fully into biomass without leaving toxic residue in the environment.
Lightweight: In comparison with glass and metal, bamboo is light in weight which helps to reduce the carbon emission during transportation.
Customizable: It can be carved, polished or combined with other materials (like glass jars with bamboo lids) to give products a premium and natural look.
7. Paper Packaging Material
Paper is a popular packaging material because it is recyclable and biodegradable.
In the beauty industry, strong paper-based options like rigid box cartons and fiber board drums are often used to pack certain cosmetic products.
These materials are a top choice because they are eco-friendly and still protect the product well.
Key Features
Recyclable & Compostable: Paper is recyclable and compostable.
Lightweight and Cost-effective: Paper is light in weight as compared to other packaging materials like plastic, wood, and glass.
Versatile: Due to the flexible nature of paper fibers, it can be designed into different types of packs, including folding box cartons, paper moulded tray and tubes.
Sustainable Printing: Paper is the most compatible printing substrate for algae ink, soy-based or water-based inks, which is making the entire pack more eco-friendly.
8. Mycelium Packaging Material
Mycelium is a root structure of fungi and living organisms that is rapidly gaining popularity in the field of sustainable packaging.
It is made by growing mycelium spores on organic waste, such as sawdust or agricultural waste and then allowing them to take customized shape for packaging material.
Key Features
Biodegradable and Compostable: Mycelium is 100% compostable without leaving toxic residue in the soil. In fact, it improves the soil health.
Customize Shape: Mycelium packaging material can be grown into customized shape. It will be beneficial to pack some intrinsically shaped fragile items. Additionally, it possesses natural cushioning properties, which can protect products during transit.
Fire Retardant: Mycelium has natural fire-resistant properties, offering an added layer of safety during storage and transportation compared to many conventional plastic materials.
9. Coconut Shell Packaging Material
Generally, coconut shells are considered an agricultural waste material, but now brands are using this waste material and packing their cosmetic products.
This natural material provides a rustic yet premium look for cosmetic products.
It can be cut, polished or moulded into customized containers or lids for giving products a different look.
Key Features
Upcycled Material: Coconut shells are the byproduct of the food industry. Repurposing them into packaging material reduces waste and supports a circular economy.
Biodegradable & Compostable: Unlike plastic, coconut shell decomposes naturally without harming the environment.
Durable & Protective: Coconut shells are strong and sturdy packaging material, providing excellent protection during transit.
5 Best Practices to Follow in Sustainable Cosmetic Packaging
In today’s eco-conscious market, it is important for brand owners to follow sustainable practices not only to reduce plastic pollution but also to fulfill consumer demand.
Here are some key practices to follow in sustainable cosmetic packaging.
1. Minimalistic Packaging or Optimum Packaging
This is the best way to make your packaging sustainable. By using the optimum amount of packaging materials, you are not only reducing the cost but also reducing the amount of waste created after unboxing.
This will reduce the carbon footprint associated with the production, transportation and disposal of those packaging materials.
2. Refillable Packaging
Through refillable packaging, we encourage the customer to use same container after product completion. This will reduce the product cost and need for new packaging material. Some companies provide extra discounts on refills to promote their packaging strategy.
This is a good example of a circular economy, where materials are reused rather than disposed of.
3. Reusable Packaging or Upcycled Packaging
Reusable packaging is a smart and eco-friendly way to design packaging concepts in such a way that they can be used again after the product is finished.
For example, a tin used for cookies can be used later to store tea, coffee, sugar or spices in the kitchen.
Instead of throwing packaging material, we give it a second life, reducing waste and saving resources. This not only helps the environment but also adds value to the consumer.
By thinking creatively, we can turn every piece of packaging into useful household items, making sustainability simple and practical.
4. Sustainable Printing
By using eco-friendly inks, like water-based, vegetable-based or algae-based in the printing machines, we can significantly reduce harmful chemicals in the environment.
Few cosmetic brands are using less printed packaging material to reduce carbon footprints associated with their product manufacturing.
Why Sustainable Printing is important
Reduces Toxicity: Petro-chemical inks often contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that can harm the environment and contribute to air pollution. Eco-friendly inks are non-toxic and biodegradable.
Lower Carbon Footprint: Sustainable printing techniques consume less energy and chemicals during the printing process.
5. Disappearing Packaging
Disappearing packaging is an exciting innovation where science and sustainability come together to eliminate waste.
It involves packaging that dissolves or vanishes after use. For example, beauty serums can be packed in dissolvable films made from PVA, which melt away with water.
Shampoo bars filled with liquid can later be used as soap bars.
These clever designs eliminate the use of plastic and make our routines more eco-friendly.
By implementing these basic practices, the cosmetic industry can significantly reduce their carbon footprint while offering quality and sustainability.
How to Ensure the Sustainability of Cosmetic Packaging
In today’s world, sustainability is become a marketing strategy to promote new brands effectively, so it is very important to differentiate true sustainable packaging from greenwashing.
Many companies are falsely claiming that their products and packaging are eco-friendly, but they aren’t.
As a brand owner, how can you ensure that your packaging materials are sustainable?
1. Through Certification
Certifications guarantee the ethical sourcing and environmental compliance of materials used in packaging.
Some well-known certifications are
BPI Certification: For compostable materials.
FSC Certification (Forest Stewardship Council): It is for paper, which ensures that wood materials are sourced from responsibly managed forests.
TUV Certification: It is for bioplastics like PLA, PHA and PBAT which ensures that the material is manufactured in an environmentally friendly way.
2. Verify the Source Material
Ensure that materials are made from renewable sources. Be cautious if the supplier doesn’t provide transparency on material procurement.
3. Check the LCA of Material
Evaluate the entire lifecycle of packaging material from production to disposal.
Ask yourself a few questions, like
Production:
Does the production of the packaging material require a significant amount of energy or water?
Does it produce harmful emissions during manufacturing?
Transportation:
Is your packaging lightweight and easy to ship?
Disposal:
Is the material recyclable, compostable or biodegradable at the end of its life cycle?
As a Consumer: How to Ensure Sustainable Product Packaging?
1. Look for the Certifications
As a consumer, you should ask for the third-party certificates, like BPI, FSC, TUV and Cradle to Cradle.
2. Examine the Packaging Materials
Check the packaging material of the product, Generally, it shall be:
Biodegradable (e.g., PLA, mycelium).
Recyclable (e.g., glass, aluminium, PCR plastic).
Made from Recycled Content (e.g., PCR plastic, recycled paper).
Compostable (e.g., seaweed-based packaging).
3. Verify Brand Claims
Be aware from the companies that use only buzzwords like “green,” “eco-friendly,” or “sustainable” without having concrete evidence to support their claims.
4. Look for Reviews or Reports
Check out third-party reviews, sustainability reports and eco-conscious consumer reviews on packaging.
Websites, eco-certifying organizations and sustainability influencers can provide more information on whether the packaging is sustainable or not.
Benefits of Sustainable Cosmetic Packaging
Switching to sustainable packaging in cosmetics is not just good only for the planet, but it is also good for business and consumers too.
Let’s break down the key benefits:
1. Environmental Benefits
Reduced Plastic Pollution: By using biodegradable, recyclable or compostable packaging materials, we can reduce the accumulation of plastic in landfills and oceans.
Lower Carbon Footprint: Less fuel is required in the manufacturing process of eco-friendly materials, which helps to reduce carbon emissions.
Resource Conservation: By using a plant-based material or renewable material, we can conserve our limited fossil fuels.
2. Economic Benefits
Cost Savings in the Long Term: Though initial investment is costlier in sustainable packaging, over time, by considering waste management fees and brand setup in crowded markets, a sustainable strategy will overcome these expenses.
Consumer Loyalty: Eco-conscious consumers are more likely to choose the brands that are following sustainable practices.
Market Differentiation: In a crowded beauty industry, sustainable packaging is becoming a unique selling point (USP).
Challenges in Sustainable Cosmetic Packaging
Eco-friendly packaging does not come without hurdles. Both manufactures and consumers face challenges in terms of cost, functionality and awareness.
Here are the key challenges that need to be addressed:
1. Higher Initial Costs
Sustainable packaging materials like bioplastics, recycled glass or mycelium-based packaging are costlier than petroleum-based plastic. New start-ups may struggle with higher prices of the materials.
2. Limited Availability
Sustainable packaging material, like seaweed plastic and mushroom packaging is not available globally.
3. Functional Properties
Sustainable packaging materials may not provide the same level of durability, shelf life, barrier protection as traditional plastics, especially for sensitive molecules.
4. Consumer Awareness
Many consumers are still not aware about the sustainable packaging and their disposal procedure. For example, biodegradable packaging may require specific industrial composting conditions to break down effectively.
5. Aesthetic and Branding Concerns
The beauty industry is more conscious on look, luxury and shelf appeal. Some sustainable materials may not offer the same glossy finish, colour vibrancy and premium look that conventional plastic provides.
6. Regulatory Complexity
Different countries have different standards to qualify sustainable packaging materials, which makes it challenging for global cosmetic brands to create packaging that complies everywhere. Keeping up with evolving laws and certifications also requires time, money and expertise.
Conclusion
Sustainable cosmetic packaging isn’t just a trend; it is something that the beauty industry needs now. As more people care about the environment, brands are using smarter and greener packaging solutions, like the use of bioplastics, recycled glass, refillable containers and artificial intelligence in packaging.
For both companies and customers, it is important to choose packaging that is biodegradable or compostable.
Soon, we will see even more exciting and eco-friendly packaging ideas.
The beauty industry is moving toward a cleaner, more efficient and planet-friendly future.
If you are a brand owner who wants to adopt sustainable materials and strategies but feel unsure where to begin, drop a comment below—I’ll be happy to guide you!